reform and opening up have brought great changes to china. in terms of china's relations with the world, the changes are mainly reflected in china's relations with the rest of the world, china's relations with globalization and china's role in global governance.
from a member of a confrontational structure to a global partner based on peace and development
due to various historical and realistic, objective and subjective reasons, the people's republic of china was involved in the cold war confrontation pattern after its establishment. although china has long advocated the five principles of peaceful coexistence, strived to develop friendly relations and cooperation with other countries, and restored its lawful seat in the united nations in 1971, it has not shaken off the shackles of cold war confrontation.
reform and opening up have provided a strong impetus for china to develop relations with other countries. if security and ideology were the main drivers of china's foreign relations in the past, reform and opening up have been followed by development. the dynamics based on security and ideology are often confrontational, while the dynamics based on development are quite different. development requires opening up to the outside world, and any country or region that is willing and able to cooperate with china in its development can become a partner. it is precisely because the driving force for developing foreign relations has changed that soon after the reform and opening up, china got rid of the shackles of cold war confrontation and carried out extensive friendly cooperation. it can be said that china was the first major country to emerge from the cold war.
along with the change of foreign policy, china's judgment on the international situation, especially the theme of the times, has also undergone a fundamental change. china not only believes that world war can be avoided, but also believes that "peace and development" has replaced "war and revolution" as the theme of the times. peace and development are the common aspirations of the people of all countries in the world. in maintaining world peace and promoting common development, china and almost all countries in the world can become cooperative partners. therefore, on the one hand, china holds high the banner of peace and development and sticks to the path of peaceful development. on the other hand, we should actively build partnerships with other countries and build a global network of partnerships.
it should be especially emphasized that since the reform and opening up, china's relations with western developed countries have witnessed the most significant changes. take the sino-us relationship as an example. even after the detente in 1972, the motivation of bilateral cooperation was basically limited to military security and geo-strategic. since the reform and opening up, the relationship between china and the united states has gained a strong momentum of development and the two sides have become highly complementary economic partners. in response, the two sides have become partners in science and technology, education and cultural exchanges, world peace, non-traditional security threats and global challenges. today, the vast majority of western developed countries are important members of china's global partnership network.
from dissociating outside economic globalization to become the important promoter of globalization development
globalization is an important factor affecting relations between countries. in the era of globalization, countries are becoming more and more interdependent and have become a global village that is closely interconnected. the relationship between china and globalization profoundly affects the relationship between china and other countries in the world.
during the cold war confrontation, there were "two parallel markets" based on market economy and planned economy respectively. globalization is actually in a state of rupture, or there are two "quasi-globalization" processes. taking the socialist road, china naturally joined the quasi-globalization process based on the planned economy, and held a negative and exclusive attitude to the quasi-globalization process led by the west based on the market economy. reform and opening up enabled china to integrate into the globalization process based on market economy before most countries with planned economy. china is now the world's largest trading nation. a review of the development process of the world economy in recent decades shows that countries that can keep up with the tide of globalization can enjoy the benefits of globalization even though they will face various problems and challenges brought by globalization. and those countries that remain outside the process of globalization for fear of the challenges of globalization will undoubtedly suffer the consequences of lagging economic development.
the process of globalization initiated by the west has lasted for more than 500 years. however, since the beginning of the 21st century, especially in recent years, there have been strong anti-globalization voices in the us and europe. in particular, some western powers, which used to be the main driving force of globalization, do not want to assume their due responsibilities, but try to shrink back to protect themselves and start to implement anti-globalization policies. those western powers that are willing to continue to promote globalization are powerless in the face of globalization dilemma. globalization is a new situation and a new challenge not seen in the past 500 years.
in response to this new situation and new challenges, emerging countries, as important beneficiaries of globalization, have both the conditions and the responsibility to become an important driving force for globalization. as one of the most important emerging powers, china has the courage to take on its responsibilities in the new era, making it clear to the world that it should not only continue to embrace globalization, but also make greater contribution to its progress. general secretary xi jinping stressed that "china is not only a beneficiary of economic globalization, but also a contributor." in the new era, china will make new and greater contributions to mankind and continue to play the role of a responsible major country in international affairs.
through reform and opening up, china has continuously integrated itself into economic globalization and become an important force pushing forward globalization. entering a new era, china will, as always, "adhere to the basic state policy of opening up and pursue development by opening its doors to the outside world", while continuing to act as a driving force for globalization.
history has shown that the western-led economic globalization with capital as the main driving force does have drawbacks, which is the fundamental reason why globalization is facing new difficulties. as a big socialist country, china should actively promote economic globalization if it wants to be a new driver of globalization. the fundamental way is to realize the organic combination of economic globalization and socialist development concept, so as to realize the healthy development of globalization. in fact, openness, inclusiveness, universal benefit, balance and win-win cooperation are all new concepts of international cooperation. if all countries in the world practice this concept, economic globalization will benefit more and more countries and people.
from a peripheral role in global governance to a driving force in global governance
the cpc has always had a mission to the world, and china under the leadership of the cpc has always been willing to make greater contributions to mankind. since the founding of new china, china has been an important force for world peace. since the beginning of reform and opening up, while upholding the mission of maintaining world peace, china has undertaken the mission of promoting common development.
in today's world, global governance has become a fundamental, overarching and long-term issue facing a human society that both transcends and embraces peace and development. to contribute to global governance is part and parcel of china's contribution to mankind. it is also one of the most important parts of china's contribution. however, global governance is based on national governance. if a country is not good at its own governance, it will not only be difficult to make its due contribution to global governance, but also become the object and burden of global governance. when china is poor and weak, its contribution to global governance is relatively limited. as deng xiaoping said when he was preparing for reform and opening up, "we are still very poor and cannot do much yet in terms of proletarian internationalist obligations.
with the evolution of globalization, global governance is faced with more and more complex problems and more and more onerous tasks. however, western powers that control the dominant power of global governance either lose the will or lack the ability to promote global governance, thus making global governance face unprecedented difficulties. at the same time, with the evolution of the world pattern, the power of emerging countries and developing countries is rising, while the power of western developed countries is declining. this is a historic opportunity for china to take an active part in promoting global governance and reform of its governance system in the new era.
since the 18th cpc national congress, china has made remarkable achievements in promoting global governance. on the one hand, we should actively participate in the activities of existing important global governance mechanisms and play a constructive role as a responsible major country, such as the united nations and the g20. on the other hand, in view of the drawbacks in the global governance system and the lack of active efforts by western powers in reforming the existing system and mechanism, china actively explores the establishment of new governance mechanisms, such as the aiib and the "one belt and one road" construction. in particular, the "one belt and one road", as a new model of international cooperation covering most countries and regions in the world, will greatly promote global governance. as an important aspect of china's continued role as a responsible major country, the 19th cpc national congress will "actively participate in the reform and construction of the global governance system", which means that china will better serve as the backbone of global governance in the new era.
building a community of shared future for mankind will take china's relations with the rest of the world to a new level
as china enters a new era, the relationship between china and the world has undergone profound changes. the new era is an era when the chinese people are striving to realize the chinese dream of the great rejuvenation of the chinese nation. in today's world, the pursuit of development and peace is the trend of the times. building a community of shared future for mankind is a vision and blueprint put forward by china after entering a new era to integrate the chinese dream with the world dream. it has become the overall goal of china's diplomacy in the new era. community of human destiny is still in sovereign countries for the international society under the premise of basic subject, based on the globalization and global governance has highly interdependent world of reality, focusing on human face more and more overall, comprehensive, long-term, about the challenges of the future, and guide the development and progress of human society advanced ideas and thoughts. a community of shared future for mankind does not reject or deny differences among countries, but it does emphasize the integrity of mankind and its common destiny. building a community of shared future for mankind is the common cause of all mankind and requires the concerted efforts of all countries in the world. as the initiator of this vision, china will surely play a positive and constructive role in building a community of shared future for mankind. in promoting the construction of human fate community, china is not only in its own modernization construction and democratic political construction, cultural development, social management and construction of ecological civilization made leads to the international community, but also on foreign adhere to the road of peaceful development, adhere to the basic state policy of opening to the outside world, human common value, promote the global governance system reform and construction, build a global partnership network. all this will surely bring china closer to the world and make new progress.
source: study times